Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage2980-853710420231225The effect of copper infiltration on LSM Cathode microstructure in high temperature solid oxide fuel cells281290126810.22104/hfe.2023.6030.1256ENZahraSadeghianResearch Institute of Petroleum IndustryMaryamIrandoostDepartment of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, IranNiloofarAfsharDepartment of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Amir Kabir University of Technology, Tehran, IranPiroozMarashi1Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-4538-4701Journal Article20230810Solid oxide fuel cells are a technology that can convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. In the present study, LSM single-phase nanoparticles with the nominal chemical formula La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 were successfully synthesized by the improved Pachin method., and the infiltration of heterogeneous copper and cerium electrocatalysts on the cathode was investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the phase composition. The microstructure of synthesized powdes, and surface morphology were characterized using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The coated composition was examined using Elemental Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and elemental mapping image s.The microstructure of the electrocatalysts inoculated on the cathode was investigated by FE-SEM. The inoculation of 0.5M copper + 0.5M cerium nanoparticles with broad distribution on the LSM cathode surface with dimensions from 23 to 52 nm was obtained. While using one-component solutions of copper and cerium, nanoparticles with dimensions of 39 to 61 nm and 20 to 42 nm were created on the cathode surface, respectively.https://hfe.irost.ir/article_1268_193002e668758ea9762904da1a22337c.pdfIranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage2980-853710420231201Evaluation of electrocatalytic performance of PtCo/C nanoparticles in different proportions of cobalt for oxygen reduction reaction291297134910.22104/hfe.2023.6496.1270ENKolsoomMehrabinejadPh.D. student of physical chemistry, Payam Noor Ardakan University, center YazdMehdiKheirmandDepartment of Chemistry, School of basic sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran0000-0002-6469-7797Hamid RezaZare MehrjardiAssociate Professor, Payam Noor Ardakan University, center YazdRezaBehjatmanesh ArdakaniProfessor, Payam Noor Ardakan University, center YazdJournal Article20230812Abstract <br /><br />In this research, the electrocatalytic activity of nanoparticles with 20% by weight of platinum on Vulcan XC-72R carbon with different proportions of cobalt catalyst content (1:2, 1:0.33, 1:3 cobalt: platinum) were synthesized. The electrocemical experiments were carried out in a conventional three electrode configuration. the catalytic behavior of prepared catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media were studied. The catalytic activities of catalysts for ORR were considered via cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), rotating disc electrode (RDE) technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical results showed the best performance of catalytic behavior for oxygen reduction reaction is belongs to the 1:2 PtCo/C catalyst. The results showed, the ORR kinetic mechanism is followed according the four-electron path way. The physicochemical results (scanning microscope spectroscopy (SEM)) showed more suitable distribution and better active surface of the 1:2 PtCo/C catalyst, that enhanced the utility of catalyst for ORR.https://hfe.irost.ir/article_1349_bcc0d400288793e8bdcd7c19a8ac0c2b.pdfIranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage2980-853710420231201Implementation of Chitosan modified ultrafiltration hollow fiber as proton exchange membrane of ml-scale microbial fuel cells299310137810.22104/hfe.2024.6670.1286ENAtiehBakhshiChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.VajiheYousefiChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.0000-0001-5667-7844DavodMohebbi-KalhoriChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.0000-0002-4055-5997AbdolrezaSamimiChemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.0000-0003-4214-0100Journal Article20231225The study investigated the modification of polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow fiber membranes using a chitosan solution as the proton exchange membrane for microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Firstly, the performance of the modified PES membrane using 1, 2, and 3% of chitosan in 0.1 M acetic acid coating were inspected. Chitosan coating decreased the internal resistance and enhanced the electricity generation of the MFCs. The maximum power and current densities of 755.202 mW/m2, and 5525.42 mA/m2 were achieved for 3% chitosan-coated PES (PES-3%chi) compared to 629.533 mW/m2 and 3237.79 mA/m2 for pristine PES membrane. Thereafter, application of a 3% chitosan coating over the PAN and PVDF membranes exhibited excessive improvement in the bioelectricity generation and wastewater treatment efficiency of the MFCs. The PAN-3%chi achieved the uppermost power and current densities of 765.147 mW/m2 and 8297.46 mA/m2, which were 1.7 and 2.6 higher than the PAN membrane (450.675 mW/m2 and 3216.56 mA/m2). The electricity generation of the PVDF membrane was enhanced by 5.3 times (337.134 mW/m2 and 2720.16 mA/m2) after the addition of 3% chitosan, likely due to the improvement in hydrophilicity and proton conductivity. The COD removal efficiencies of 42.41, 40.55, and 36.11% were obtained by PAN-3%chi, PES-3%chi, and PVDF-3%chi membranes, respectively, which were 3.53, 4.01, and 5.53 times higher than the values obtained by their pristine unmodified samples.https://hfe.irost.ir/article_1378_8d9a0adb7c204239c9635426f35c9522.pdfIranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage2980-853710420231201Comparison and Analysis of Dynamic Behavior of Load Frequency Control in Power System with Steam, Hydro and Gas Power Plants311325137710.22104/hfe.2024.6619.1283ENGhazanfarShahgholianDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran0000-0003-2774-4694Journal Article20230817Various methods are used to produce electrical energy, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. The power plant is one of the important parts of the power system, which is responsible for the proper production of electrical energy. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of frequency load control is compared and analyzed for three power systems, each of which includes a steam power plant, a hydro power plant, and a gas power plant. The state equations of each system are expressed separately, and then using the analysis of eigenvalues (system modes), the dynamic behavior of the power system is shown for changes in the consumption load. The power system model is simulated in MATLAB software and they show the correctness of the analysis of eigenvalues. Also, the power system model in Simulink MATLAB for each power plant is separately designed and the correctness of the results is shown. The frequency response of the transfer function, frequency changes to load demand changes, is shown in each production unit. The results of simulation and examination of the power system modes show that the steady state response of the three production units are similar to step changes in the load demand, and only the speed of reaching the steady state will be different in them.https://hfe.irost.ir/article_1377_f52378e14237225a6f6c7d802dc6abbd.pdfIranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage2980-853710420231225Metal‐organic framework‐derived Cu@Co4N nanoparticles anchored on N-doped carbon nanotubes for efficient and stable ORR activity327337135010.22104/hfe.2023.6585.1273ENParisaAkbarianHydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran0009-0006-7045-099XMehdiKheirmandDepartment of Chemistry, School of basic sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran0000-0002-6469-7797Journal Article20230819Developing highly efficient, durable, and low-cost electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is very important for energy conversion technologies. Electrocatalysts with porous structures, numerous active sites, and earth-abundant are exceedingly favorable for ORR reaction. In this work, the 3D nano hollow-shell Cu@Co4N anchored on N-doped carbon nanotubes (Cu@Co-N-C) was synthesized using pyrolyzed Cu@ZnCoZIF. The synthesized Cu@Co-N-C with bimetallic active sites, high specific surface area, high porosity structure, and nitrogen doping level demonstrates superior ORR activity. The physical characteristics of the cathode electrocatalysts were assessed through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Raman, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) for elemental mapping. The electrocatalyst illustrates a higher half-wave potential of 0.88 V vs. RHE than that of the Pt/C electrocatalyst in an alkaline electrolyte. Moreover, it also has great ORR stability, making it one of the best Pt-free electrocatalysts. The current density of the Cu@Co-N-C is approximately -5.46 mA cm-2, which is higher than that of Co-N-C (-4.20 mA cm-2), and NCNTs (-1.9 mA cm-2). Moreover, higher stability was obtained for Cu@Co-N-C in comparison with Pt/C. So, this material is an excellent choice as a cathodic catalyst for application in metal-air fuel cells.https://hfe.irost.ir/article_1350_861dc9bd7f4e7dd3cccd534d0ae2a2e9.pdfIranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST)Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage2980-853710420231201Extremely Fast Simulation of the Li--Ion Batteries Governing Equations339353138110.22104/hfe.2024.6629.1279ENFarschadTorabiBattery and Energy Generator Research Lab, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Iran0000-0002-7112-3126NamdarKazemiDevelopment Engineer, LionVolt B.V., NetherlandsJournal Article20230822The widespread use of batteries across various electrical applications, ranging from small devices to hybrid-electric vehicles, underscores the need for precise battery models. These models serve critical purposes such as design, optimization, monitoring, and real-time simulations. While dynamic models are commonly employed for these applications, they require extensive experimental tests to obtain essential electrical element parameters. Alternatively, models based on solving governing equations offer greater accuracy but often involve time-consuming computational fluid dynamics solvers, making them impractical for real-time modeling. In this study, an extremely fast simulation method is introduced, leveraging fundamental electrochemical relations. By assuming constant parameters along the thickness of the electrodes, partial equations are transformed into algebraic equations and efficiently solved. This approach yields rapid results suitable for real-time simulations. Validation of these results against other models and experimental data demonstrates a strong agreement, particularly in voltage estimation. The aim of this method is to swiftly analyze parameters and track their variations throughout the process, expediting estimation procedures.<br /><br />The results shows that the presented method is able to capture the CFD results with less than 2\% error, while the consuming time is almost negligible.https://hfe.irost.ir/article_1381_d82118376df344b0010f53909b961db3.pdf