Harnessing solar and wind energy at a charging station in Tehran: A new era for electric vehicles and hydrogen bikes

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Department of Industrial Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

10.22104/hfe.2025.7333.1337

Abstract

The development of EV charging stations powered by renewable energy in Tehran is crucial for reducing air pollution, improving urban air quality, decreasing reliance on fossil fuels, and enhancing energy sustainability. A simulation was conducted for the first time, including three fast and slow charging modes, and a green hydrogen production unit for bicycles. The system, integrated with the national grid, prices surplus electricity sales based on the green energy market while penalizing pollutant emissions. Using HOMER software and NASA's 20-year climate data, the study found wind energy economically outperforms solar energy in Tehran. The optimal system uses 51% wind and 45% solar energy, with a total reliance of 96% on renewables. The costs are 0.087 $/kWh for electricity and 292.1 $/kg for hydrogen production. Moreover, by selling the surplus electricity to the national grid, approximately 967.4 tons of various pollutants (961.2 tons/year of CO2 pollutant, 4.2 tons/year of SO2 pollutant, and 2 tons/year of NOX pollutant) are prevented from being emitted annually. The broader implications include promoting the use of renewable energies in urban infrastructure, reducing environmental pollution on a large scale, and providing a scalable model for sustainable energy systems in similar urban areas worldwide. Integrating renewable energy into EV charging stations offers a scalable model for sustainable urban development. Addressing challenges like high costs and grid stability requires supportive policies, including subsidies and incentives, while future research should optimize renewable systems, improve green hydrogen production, and enhance smart grid integration.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Hydrogen, Fuel Cell & Energy Storage

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 08 December 2025

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